CVE-2024-29891: ZITADEL Improper Content-Type Validation Leads to Account Takeover via Stored XSS + CSP Bypass

Severity: high (CVSS 8.7 v3.1)
Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
EPSS: 0.8% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
Public exploit or detection template: none known
Published: 2024-03-27 · updated 2026-06-17
Weakness: CWE-434

Description

ZITADEL users can upload their own avatar image and various image types are allowed. Due to a missing check, an attacker could upload HTML and pretend it is an image to gain access to the victim's account in certain scenarios. A possible victim would need to directly open the supposed image in the browser, where a session in ZITADEL needs to be active for this exploit to work. The exploit could only be reproduced if the victim was using Firefox. Chrome, Safari as well as Edge did not execute the code. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.48.3, 2.47.8, 2.46.5, 2.45.5, 2.44.7, 2.43.11, and 2.42.17.

Affected products

zitadel: before 2.42.17; from 2.43.0 before 2.43.11; from 2.44.0 before 2.44.7; from 2.45.0 before 2.45.5; from 2.46.0 before 2.46.5; from 2.47.0 before 2.47.8 — fixed in 2.42.17, 2.43.11, 2.44.7, 2.45.5, 2.46.5, 2.47.8

How to fix

Upgrade to a fixed version: zitadel 2.42.17, 2.43.11, 2.44.7, 2.45.5. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.

References

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