What’s Vulnerable › Vulnerabilities

CVE-2024-56637: netfilter: ipset: Hold module reference while requesting a module

• Severity: medium (CVSS 4.7 v3.1)
• Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
• EPSS: 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
• Public exploit or detection template: none known
• Published: 2024-12-27 · updated 2026-10-15
• Weakness: CWE-362

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ipset: Hold module reference while requesting a module User space may unload ip_set.ko while it is itself requesting a set type backend module, leading to a kernel crash. The race condition may be provoked by inserting an mdelay() right after the nfnl_unlock() call.

Affected products

• Linux kernel: from 2.6.39 before 5.4.287; from 5.5 before 5.10.231; from 5.11 before 5.15.174; from 5.16 before 6.1.120; from 6.2 before 6.6.66; from 6.7 before 6.12.5 — fixed in 5.10.231, 5.15.174, 5.4.287, 6.1.120, 6.12.5, 6.6.66

How to fix

Upgrade to a fixed version: Linux kernel 5.10.231, 5.15.174, 5.4.287, 6.1.120. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.

References

• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e67805e805c1f3edd6f43adbe08ea14b552694b
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/456f010bfaefde84d3390c755eedb1b0a5857c3c
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5bae60a933ba5d16eed55c6b279be51bcbbc79b0
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6099b5d3e37145484fac4b8b4070c3f1abfb3519
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/90bf312a6b6b3d6012137f6776a4052ee85e0340
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ba5e070f36682d07ca7ad2a953e6c9d96be19dca
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e5e2d3024753fdaca818b822e3827614bacbdccf
• https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html
• https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html

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