CVE-2025-0622: Grub2: command/gpg: use-after-free due to hooks not being removed on module unload

Severity: medium (CVSS 6.4 v3.1)
Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
EPSS: 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
Public exploit or detection template: none known
Published: 2025-02-18 · updated 2026-10-21
Weakness: CWE-416

Description

A flaw was found in command/gpg. In some scenarios, hooks created by loaded modules are not removed when the related module is unloaded. This flaw allows an attacker to force grub2 to call the hooks once the module that registered it was unloaded, leading to a use-after-free vulnerability. If correctly exploited, this vulnerability may result in arbitrary code execution, eventually allowing the attacker to bypass secure boot protections.

Affected products

Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18: all versions
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10: all versions — fixed in 1:2.12-15.el10_0
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9: all versions — fixed in 1:2.06-104.el9_6

How to fix

Upgrade to a fixed version: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 1:2.12-15.el10_0; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 1:2.06-104.el9_6. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.

References

Get alerted when CVE-2025-0622 or the next vulnerability affects your stack