CVE-2025-30356: Heap Buffer Overflow via Incomplete Length Check in `Crypto_TC_ApplySecurity`

Severity: critical (CVSS 9.8 v3.1)
Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
EPSS: 0.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
Public exploit or detection template: yes
Published: 2025-04-01 · updated 2026-06-17
Weakness: CWE-191

Description

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. In 1.3.3 and earlier, a heap buffer overflow vulnerability persists in the Crypto_TC_ApplySecurity function due to an incomplete validation check on the fl (frame length) field. Although CVE-2025-29912 addressed an underflow issue involving fl, the patch fails to fully prevent unsafe calculations. As a result, an attacker can still craft malicious frames that cause a negative tf_payload_len, which is then interpreted as a large unsigned value, leading to a heap buffer overflow in a memcpy call.

Affected products

nasa CryptoLib: before 1.4.0 — fixed in 1.4.0

How to fix

Upgrade to a fixed version: nasa CryptoLib 1.4.0. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.

References

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