What’s Vulnerable › Vulnerabilities
CVE-2025-32433: Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability
- Severity: critical (CVSS 10.0 v3.1)
- Exploited in the wild: yes — in CISA KEV since 2025-06-09
- EPSS: 98.9% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
- Public exploit or detection template: yes
- Published: 2025-04-16 · updated 2026-06-17
- Weakness: CWE-306
Description
Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH server may allow an attacker to perform unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in SSH protocol message handling, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems and execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials. This issue is patched in versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20. A temporary workaround involves disabling the SSH server or to prevent access via firewall rules.
Affected products
- Cisco Cloud Native Broadband Network Gateway: before 2025.03.1 — fixed in 2025.03.1
- Cisco Confd Basic: before 7.7.19.1; from 8.0.18 before 8.1.16.2; from 8.2 before 8.2.11.1; from 8.3 before 8.3.8.1; from 8.4 before 8.4.4.1 — fixed in 7.7.19.1, 8.1.16.2, 8.2.11.1, 8.3.8.1, 8.4.4.1
- Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software: before 4.18 — fixed in 4.18
- Cisco Inode Manager: all versions
- Cisco Ncs 2000 Shelf Virtualization Orchestrator Firmware: before 25.1.1 — fixed in 25.1.1
- Cisco Network Services Orchestrator: before 5.7.19.1; from 5.8 before 6.1.16.2; from 6.2 before 6.2.11.1; from 6.3 before 6.3.8.1; from 6.4 before 6.4.1.1; from 6.4.2 before 6.4.4.1 — fixed in 5.7.19.1, 6.1.16.2, 6.2.11.1, 6.3.8.1, 6.4.1.1, 6.4.4.1
- Cisco Optical Site Manager: before 25.2.1 — fixed in 25.2.1
- Cisco Rv160 Firmware: all versions
- Cisco Rv160W Firmware: all versions
- Cisco Rv260 Firmware: all versions
- Cisco Rv260P Firmware: all versions
- Cisco Rv260W Firmware: all versions
- Cisco Rv340 Firmware: all versions
- Cisco Rv340W Firmware: all versions
- Cisco Rv345 Firmware: all versions
- Cisco Rv345P Firmware: all versions
- Cisco Smart Phy: before 25.2 — fixed in 25.2
- Cisco StarOS: before 2025.03 — fixed in 2025.03
- Cisco Ultra Cloud Core: before 2025.03.1 — fixed in 2025.03.1
- Cisco Ultra Packet Core: before 2025.03 — fixed in 2025.03
- Cisco Ultra Services Platform: all versions
- Debian Linux: 11.0
- Erlang OTP: before 25.3.2.20; from 26.0 before 26.2.5.11; from 27.0 before 27.3.3 — fixed in 25.3.2.20, 26.2.5.11, 27.3.3
How to fix
Upgrade to a fixed version: Cisco Cloud Native Broadband Network Gateway 2025.03.1; Cisco Confd Basic 7.7.19.1, 8.1.16.2, 8.2.11.1, 8.3.8.1; Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software 4.18; Cisco Ncs 2000 Shelf Virtualization Orchestrator Firmware 25.1.1; Cisco Network Services Orchestrator 5.7.19.1, 6.1.16.2, 6.2.11.1, 6.3.8.1; Cisco Optical Site Manager 25.2.1; Cisco Smart Phy 25.2; Cisco StarOS 2025.03; Cisco Ultra Cloud Core 2025.03.1; Cisco Ultra Packet Core 2025.03; Erlang OTP 25.3.2.20, 26.2.5.11, 27.3.3. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.
References
- https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/0fcd9c56524b28615e8ece65fc0c3f66ef6e4c12
- https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/6eef04130afc8b0ccb63c9a0d8650209cf54892f
- https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/b1924d37fd83c070055beb115d5d6a6a9490b891
- https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-37cp-fgq5-7wc2
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/16/2
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/18/1
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/18/2
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/18/6
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/19/1
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00028.html
- https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250425-0001/
- https://github.com/ProDefense/CVE-2025-32433/blob/main/CVE-2025-32433.py
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