What’s Vulnerable › Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-48372: Schule Has Insecure OTP Length, is Susceptible to Brute-Force Attacks

• Severity: high (CVSS 7.3 v3.1)
• Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
• EPSS: 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
• Public exploit or detection template: none known
• Published: 2025-05-22 · updated 2026-06-17
• Weakness: CWE-521

Description

Schule is open-source school management system software. The generateOTP() function generates a 4-digit numeric One-Time Password (OTP). Prior to version 1.0.1, even if a secure random number generator is used, the short length and limited range (1000–9999) results in only 9000 possible combinations. This small keyspace makes the OTP highly vulnerable to brute-force attacks, especially in the absence of strong rate-limiting or lockout mechanisms. Version 1.0.1 fixes the issue.

Affected products

• schule111 Schule: 1.0.0

References

• https://github.com/schule111/Schule/commit/cd53abbea93943f2c60a5281d45bebadc57636b7
• https://github.com/schule111/Schule/security/advisories/GHSA-6c48-67xx-vqgc

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