CVE-2025-68130: tRPC has possible prototype pollution in `experimental_nextAppDirCaller`

Severity: high (CVSS 8.5 v4.0)
Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
EPSS: 0.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
Public exploit or detection template: none known
Published: 2025-12-16 · updated 2026-10-13
Weakness: CWE-1321

Description

tRPC allows users to build and consume fully typesafe APIs without schemas or code generation. Starting in version 10.27.0 and prior to versions 10.45.3 and 11.8.0, a A prototype pollution vulnerability exists in `@trpc/server`'s `formDataToObject` function, which is used by the Next.js App Router adapter. An attacker can pollute `Object.prototype` by submitting specially crafted FormData field names, potentially leading to authorization bypass, denial of service, or other security impacts. Note that this vulnerability is only present when using `experimental_caller` / `experimental_nextAppDirCaller`. Versions 10.45.3 and 11.8.0 fix the issue.

Affected products

trpc: from 10.27.0, < 10.45.3; from 11.0.0, < 11.8.0

References

https://github.com/trpc/trpc/security/advisories/GHSA-43p4-m455-4f4j

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