What’s Vulnerable › Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-104435: Zebra 4.4.0 Consensus Divergence via V5 SIGHASH_SINGLE Without Output

• Severity: high (CVSS 7.4 v3.1)
• Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
• EPSS: 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
• Public exploit or detection template: none known
• Published: 2026-10-02 · updated 2026-10-02
• Weakness: CWE-347

Description

Zebra zebrad 4.4.0 and zebra-script 6.0.0 fail to enforce a ZIP-244 consensus rule, accepting V5 transparent inputs signed with SIGHASH_SINGLE that lack a corresponding output. Attackers can broadcast crafted V5 transactions with more inputs than outputs that Zebra accepts but zcashd rejects, causing a network consensus split.

Affected products

• ZcashFoundation zebra: from 4.4.0 before 4.4.1; from 6.0.0 before 6.0.1 — fixed in 4.4.1, 6.0.1

How to fix

Upgrade to a fixed version: ZcashFoundation zebra 4.4.1, 6.0.1. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.

References

• https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-pvmv-cwg8-v6c8
• https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zebra-4.4.0-consensus-divergence-via-v5-sighash-single-without-output

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