CVE-2026-111225: Netgate pfSense CE 2.5.0 through 2.9.0 OS Command Injection via openvpn.learn-address.sh

Severity: high (CVSS 8.8 v3.1)
Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
EPSS: 6.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
Public exploit or detection template: none known
Published: 2026-10-15 · updated 2026-10-19
Weakness: CWE-78

Description

Netgate pfSense CE 2.5.0 through 2.9.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability in openvpn.learn-address.sh that allows authenticated VPN clients to execute commands as the unbound user. Attackers can embed shell metacharacters in the certificate common name or username, which is interpolated unquoted into su -c strings, when DNS Resolver client registration is enabled.

Affected products

Netgate pfSense CE: from 2.5.0 through 2.9.0

References

https://abraxaslabs.tech/research/pfsense-ce-leftovers
https://github.com/abraxas/pfsense-ovpn-learn-cn
https://github.com/pfsense/pfsense/blob/9363ac5b8651a1c7a333180425ce7719070f95f9/src/usr/local/sbin/openvpn.learn-address.sh#L57-L62
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/netgate-pfsense-ce-2.5.0-through-2.9.0-os-command-injection-via-openvpn-learn-address-sh

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