What’s Vulnerable › Vulnerabilities
CVE-2026-35391: Bulwark Webmail getClientIP() trusted client-controlled X-Forwarded-For value, enabling rate limit bypass and audit log forgery
- Severity: high (CVSS 7.5 v3.1)
- Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
- EPSS: 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
- Public exploit or detection template: none known
- Published: 2026-04-06 · updated 2026-07-24
- Weakness: CWE-348
Description
Bulwark Webmail is a self-hosted webmail client for Stalwart Mail Server. Prior to 1.4.11, the getClientIP() function in lib/admin/session.ts trusted the first (leftmost) entry of the X-Forwarded-For header, which is fully controlled by the client. An attacker could forge their source IP address to bypass IP-based rate limiting (enabling brute-force attacks against the admin login) or forge audit log entries (making malicious activity appear to originate from arbitrary IP addresses). This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.11.
Affected products
- bulwarkmail webmail: before 1.4.11 — fixed in 1.4.11
How to fix
Upgrade to a fixed version: bulwarkmail webmail 1.4.11. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.
References
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