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CVE-2026-40520: FreePBX api module Command Injection via GraphQL

• Severity: high (CVSS 8.8 v3.1)
• Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
• EPSS: 1.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
• Public exploit or detection template: none known
• Published: 2026-04-21 · updated 2026-10-26
• Weakness: CWE-78

Description

FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL moduleOperations mutation with backtick-wrapped commands in the module field to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying host as the web server user.

Affected products

• FreePBX api: before 17.0.8 — fixed in 17.0.8

How to fix

Upgrade to a fixed version: FreePBX api 17.0.8. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.

References

• https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/Api.class.php#L546C1-L554C3
• https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/ApiGqlHelper.class.php#L34C1-L36C136
• https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6
• https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freepbx-api-module-command-injection-via-graphql

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