What’s Vulnerable › Vulnerabilities
CVE-2026-45149: brace-expansion: Large numeric range defeats documented `max` DoS protection
- Severity: high (CVSS 7.5 v3.1)
- Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
- EPSS: 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
- Public exploit or detection template: none known
- Published: 2026-05-29 · updated 2026-07-22
- Weakness: CWE-400
Description
The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. From 5.0.0 to before 5.0.6, the max option was being applied too late. When expanding a single large numeric range like {1..10000000}, the sequence generation loop generates all 10 million intermediate elements before the max limit is applied With max=10, the output is correctly limited to 10 items, but the process still allocates ~505 MB and spends ~800ms building the full intermediate array. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.0.6.
Affected products
- juliangruber brace-expansion: from 5.0.0 before 5.0.6 — fixed in 5.0.6
How to fix
Upgrade to a fixed version: juliangruber brace-expansion 5.0.6. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.
References
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