CVE-2026-47686: vm2: Missing Error.cause Sanitization Enables VM2 Sandbox Escape to RCE

Severity: critical (CVSS 9.9 v3.1)
Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
EPSS: 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
Public exploit or detection template: none known
Published: 2026-08-17 · updated 2026-10-23
Weakness: CWE-693

Description

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.6, handleException() in lib/setup-sandbox.js sanitizes SuppressedError.error, SuppressedError.suppressed, and AggregateError.errors but does not sanitize Error.cause, allowing sandbox code to obtain a powerful host object such as process from an embedder-exposed host function that throws an error with that object as its cause and then execute arbitrary host commands. This issue is fixed in version 3.11.6.

Affected products

patriksimek vm2: before 3.11.6

References

https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/7e3faaf550f4ab975bf4cdde183fcec49b056d8e
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/3.11.6
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-m283-3h24-438v

Get alerted when CVE-2026-47686 or the next vulnerability affects your stack