What’s Vulnerable › Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-49495: Ghidra 10.2 < 12.1 - Denial of Service via Circular Reference in Mach-O Export Trie Parser

• Severity: medium (CVSS 5.5 v3.1)
• Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
• EPSS: 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
• Public exploit or detection template: yes
• Published: 2026-06-10 · updated 2026-10-26
• Weakness: CWE-835

Description

Ghidra 10.2 before 12.1 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in ExportTrie.parseTrie() that lacks cycle detection when traversing Mach-O binary export tries. A crafted Mach-O binary with circular references in the export trie causes unbounded queue growth and exponential string concatenation, triggering OutOfMemoryError that crashes the entire JVM and loses all unsaved work.

Affected products

• nationalsecurityagency ghidra: from 10.2 before 12.1 — fixed in 12.1

How to fix

Upgrade to a fixed version: nationalsecurityagency ghidra 12.1. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.

References

• https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg
• https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ghidra-denial-of-service-via-circular-reference-in-mach-o-export-trie-parser
• https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg

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