What’s Vulnerable › Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-5445: Out-of-Bounds Read in DicomImageDecoder (DecodeLookupTable)

• Severity: critical (CVSS 9.1 v3.1)
• Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
• EPSS: 0.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
• Public exploit or detection template: none known
• Published: 2026-04-09 · updated 2026-10-26
• Weakness: CWE-125

Description

An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the `DecodeLookupTable` function within `DicomImageDecoder.cpp`. The lookup-table decoding logic used for `PALETTE COLOR` images does not validate pixel indices against the lookup table size. Crafted images containing indices larger than the palette size cause the decoder to read beyond allocated lookup table memory and expose heap contents in the output image.

Affected products

• orthanc-server orthanc: before 1.12.11 — fixed in 1.12.11

How to fix

Upgrade to a fixed version: orthanc-server orthanc 1.12.11. Check the vendor advisory for mitigations.

References

• https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/536588
• https://www.machinespirits.de/
• https://www.orthanc-server.com/

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