What’s Vulnerable › Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-54593: Pterodactyl's improper JWT scoping allows subuser to upload files when not explicitly granted `file.create` permissions

• Severity: high (CVSS 8.1 v3.1)
• Exploited in the wild: not listed in CISA KEV
• EPSS: 0.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
• Public exploit or detection template: none known
• Published: 2026-07-28 · updated 2026-10-24
• Weakness: CWE-1259

Description

Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2, the Wings /upload/file endpoint accepted any valid panel-signed JWT that contained server_uuid, user_uuid, and unique_id claims without checking the token's intended purpose; because the Panel issues JWTs carrying those same claims for lower-privilege operations such as WebSocket authentication and file-download links, an authenticated subuser could reuse one of those tokens (for example a WebSocket token obtained with only the websocket.connect permission) by replaying it against /upload/file to write arbitrary files to the same server, despite never being granted the file.create permission. This issue is fixed in Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2.

Affected products

• pterodactyl panel: before 1.12.3

References

• https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/commit/7ffcd636310bb72b54bac3280d2a15e727feded7
• https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/pull/5636
• https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/security/advisories/GHSA-8r6w-3qq5-4p4r
• https://github.com/pterodactyl/wings/commit/d0ddc80844479302abdaf9654de3bacd511c0f5c

Get alerted when CVE-2026-54593 or the next vulnerability affects your stack